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Species › Cetaceans

Sperm Whale

Physeter macrocephalus

Order
Cetacea
Family
Physeteridae
Presence in the Strait
Seasonal
Abundance
common
Protection in Spain
Vulnerable · Andalusian Catalogue
In Spanish
Cachalote

Marine taxonomy: validated in WoRMS, AphiaID 137119

Photograph: Vsevolod Rudyi, CC BY, vía iNaturalist

Length
1,100–1,800 cm
Weight
15–45 t
010002000LENGTH1,100–1,800 cmcentimetres

Presence in the Strait

Common summer visitor. From March to July it is regular over the deepest water of the Strait, between the Camarinal sill and the central channel, almost always adult and subadult males alone or in small groups. The Mediterranean population is endangered, and ship strikes are a documented cause of death here.

Identification

The huge, squarish head makes up a third of the body. The blow is angled forward and to the left, which identifies it at a distance. Wrinkled skin, no true dorsal fin: a low hump followed by knuckles down to the tail. Raises its broad, triangular flukes when diving. Dives of forty minutes or more between breaths.

Movements

Crosses between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean through the Strait. The same animals have been seen again in successive years. Concentrates in spring and early summer, and is scarce in autumn and winter.

Bioestrecho editorial text. Last revised: 9 September 2026.

Voice

Recordings with the licence checked file by file, served from this domain. Those marked “Strait” were recorded within the area. Each carries its author and licence.

Conservation

The catalogues, Andalusian and Spanish, are what binds; the Red Book assesses the Spanish population with IUCN criteria, and the global Red List is the context.

Global Red List (IUCN)
VU · Vulnerable

Andalusian Catalogue: Junta de Andalucía, list of 24 April 2025. Spanish Catalogue: MITECO, table of 30 June 2025. Red Book: SEO/BirdLife, 2021 (Annex I). IUCN: via GBIF, 6 September 2026. Red Book and IUCN categories are assessments; catalogue categories are legal obligations.

Classification

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Cetacea
Family
Physeteridae
GBIF taxon key
8123917

Sources

  • Distribution and calendar: Bioestrecho's own database, ingested from GBIF and OBIS
  • Photograph: Vsevolod Rudyi, CC BY, vía iNaturalist
  • Taxonomy: GBIF backbone, pending WoRMS for marine taxa
  • Editorial text: written by Bioestrecho
  • Last revised: 9 September 2026